Electromagnetic device for operating type-writers.



n G. A. WLKANDER'. ELEGTROMAGNETCDEVIC-E FOB. OPERATING TYPE WRITERS. APPLICATION FILED JN.18,.1908. EENEWED AIPE. 2, 1913.

1 1 1 7, -1 20, Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

. 3 SHEETS-*SHEET 1.

G.- A. WIKANDER. ELBGTROMAGNBTIG DEVICE jFOR OPERATING TYPE WRITERS.

ATIBLIOATION FILED JAN. T8, 1908. BBN-EWS!) APB. 2,1913; 1 1 1 '7, 120, Patented-Nov, 10, 1914 ZL'Z'neases:

G. A. WI-KANDER, .BLEGTROMAGNBTIG DEVICE' Foa OPERATING-TYPE WRITERS.

- APPLIoATIoN FILED JAN.18,Y1908. RENEW-BD APR. 2, 1913.

Patented Nov. 10,1914.

3 SHBETSSHEBT 3.

Jima/afar: Cl. UMa/moin] Zlflzesses:

C ,mi S..

i1 DEB, a citizen 4of the ,United States, and a,

1 I This invention relates 'to that .tro-niagneticdevic'es designed to be used in' .afinew and useful mprovementi 'magntl DYlCeS `for 'Operatr g' Typeeusrnvns A.' winannnn, o ri'ron'rnerm, caisson? ELEGTROMAGNEHC' mtr-iron Fon ornnarine TYPE-warmes,

Liliana Spec'catoiro Letters Patent. Fatented-'V- 10i 1914.

Anglican@ fiieaaanaany iaieosfserial no. 411,532. Renewed April-aleta. -ser'iai' 758,488.

To azlftvwm t may concew'i Be it known that I, Gnsravcs A. lVinnN- resident of Portland, in the county ot My-lultnomah and State o'zt Oregon, have invented Electrol lVriters,vof which the following is a specili- 'cation, reference ybeing had to Ithe accomp'anying drawings as constitutingl a part thereof. v V

This" application is intendedY .as a substitution for and a' continuation and completion ofthe certain 'application for Letters Patent tiled by me April: 1%,"19'06, under Serial Numbqer' 311,704, and allowed November'l, 1907.

class of ele-conne'ction with a typewriter or other keyactuated instrument 'for the purpose of reducinU the mnscular exertion of operating suoli r v strument', and at the same time insure urnformityin theimpressions of the type;

and, my invention has for .its object-to obtain,-

a device adapted to said use. wliicl shallv be 'per'fect'in' action and yet` simple and vcoin-= paratively inexpensive ,to make.

4, My invention also has for its obiect to provide an actuatinglmeclianism of the character mentioned which is applicable to any type-writer of standard make, andvmay be used in connection with such type-writer= by yitierely being positioned over the type-keys thereof; and my inyention also embodies, the special featuresfliere'inafter specifically set forth and claimed.

nithe drawings, Figure 1 vshows a partial top viewof m v device, also'a part of the -key-bpard of a type-writer positioned tobe operated by my device, that is to say, the corresponding keys of the tj\*pe-\iriter being shown indotted outline: Fig-2 is a longitudinal section through vthe case of 'my kev mechanism on a line y also showing the electro-magnets, armature and power transnii'ttin connections; Fig. 3 'is a sectional detail of one of the keys of my device, illus trating'how ythe same actuates the correactuated thelsliitt key of the typewriter; Fig. JG is a partial perspeqtive of the'electr'o-l magnets, the armature an ,connecting'rod; Fig. 7 is a detail ,of construction,,fullylex- 4iplained below ,..F-ig. 8` isI a section represeiitL ,ing a modiied lconstruction of'inydevice,

Vhereinafter'fully explained and-Figs. 9 and 1G aie details ofi such modi-lied construction,

y the last ,figure showing.means for o'perating the spacing key "of lthe typewriter?. I

The numerals ldesignate they parts ree' Yferred to. I.My-device comprises ri l,casing ylginl which is 'contained lthe 'key-bo'aid, andintegrally on one side thereof, being the left 'side as my devi-ce is shown in'th'e drawings, is providled van integral base 2.onwliicln4 are mounted the electro-magnets, 3 and power-transmitting' connections,la,ter explained.

In the casing 1- are .journaled a series lof rockable sliafts'l, 5,' 6, 7, and 8, each providedI with aciank v9` and all saidcranks are operatively connected by a rod l0; the,

ends of theV shafts 4 to 8' extendingand said connecting rod 10.l being located exterior' of' the wall ,la of the casing 1. n the shaft 'l'y is further mounted a. crank l1, connected'by a rod 12- .with an arm 13, rigidlyA mounted' on 4a shaft lll, journaled in bearings 15,' 1,5. There 'Lis also fixed-non the shaft 1 4 a short 1G, and the arms 13, 16. support the bar` cores .Ba ofvthe magnets 3. movement of the armature -17 by the spring 18, I provide a set-screw 19 (not shown in'.

Fig. 6). The tension of 'the spring 18 may be regulated by an adjustment nut 2 0.

l ornkrmature '17 -in relative 'position to tli'e To limit the In the side walls of the causing `1 are proyidedsocketsv 21 and therein arev contained' insulating thimbles 22,'111 which are set the v ends of a series of transverse electriccontact bars Q3. On the exterior of the casing 1 `are mounted plates Q1 .provided with hinge# plates 25,' in' which are hinged lkeys 26,

'icov which intheir outward appearance aremade to resemble the keys of a typewriter. Each of ysaid keys comprises 'a horizontalmember 26a and a dependent member 2,65

On the shafts 4, 5, 7, and 8.,ar`e pivoted a series otngers 27, having tips 27a resting on the corresponding key 28.- Of the type- ,writerqz 4The lingers 27'are actuated to de- -pressthe corresponding typewriter keys by the rotation of the shafts L1, 5, 6,7 and 8 i brought about, by' the action, ofthemagnets 31.19011 the armature 17 land connecting de,

scribed, the bar Sill `will. bear the handupon a key 26, by the means more' clearly illustrated in 3 and fl( The pivoted ends 27b oi"- the fingers 27 are bifurcated so as to straddle aspring-controlled bolt 30 reciprocating in a central longitudr.

nalrbore therefor provided in each of the horizontal members or' the lingers 27. The

,inner end 30a of the bolt 30 (see Fig 7) is upset, and on said end is mounted a sleeve 3l, against which bears one end of coilspring 32 on the bolt 30, Within said bilurcation of the linger 27. The description of one linger 27 applies .to all. The action ci the coil-spring 32 normally projects the sleeve 31, and the springs 32 are niade\of sufficient strength as to cause said projection of thesleeve Bl to hold the corresponding key 26 in` its normal position. TheI lower extremity 26c of the key 2G is curved to an arc, and is located intermediate of its shaiit (il) and the inner head of the bolt 30. The dependent member 2Gb of the linger 26 has an adjustable Contact screw 35, normally out of contact with the contact bars 23.

The casing l has slots l through which to introduce a screw-driver, as indicated by arrow, to adjust contact screuY 35, and therewith the length oi' stroke of the. key. The contact bars 23 are all connected by a Wire 56.

ll ear the ends of each or the shafts 7, and 8 are rigidly fastened projecting a 1' 33, connected at their outer ends by a cross bar Se, arranged to just allow' the tip 27a o the related linger 27 to pass its interio tace.

V77 lien a key 26 is depressed. two actions are accomplished. The bolt 30 is projected outward of the finger-tip 27, the parts being,` so arranged as to bring the projected end of the bolt 30 immediately under the bar 34. Simultaneously the 'Contact screwT 35 is brought into touch with its contact bar 23 and the elect-ric circuit is closed. This causes the magnets 3 to act and pull the armature 17, the movement of Which'is communicated by a rod l2 to a crank 1l, thus rotating the shaft 7, andv all the other shafts 4l, 5, 6, 8 beingn connected with shaft 7 by their cranks 9 and connecting bar '10,there is a simultaneous rotation of all of said shafts. The rotation of said shafts causes a. downward morey ment of the arms 355 on their ln the case oi all yfingers the bolt ci which has not been projected, as nienticnedI l ried at the ends or the arms pass over the convened ede tips 270'; but in the Whichithe bolt has i jected end et the bolt 3G beneath tira:

bly depress the linger 27 and actuelle the related key of the typewriter. is soon as the y nger of the operator is removed from the key .26 depressed, 'the coil-spring 32 'will exert its power' to project the sleeve 3l against the key-extremity 26C and move the key-lever '26 suliiciently reversely to break the contact between the contact-screw 35, carried by the 'keyonember 2Gb, and the con bar 23; thus instantly relieving the pressure of the finger 27 on the key of the typewriterr lThis release mechanism, or its equivalent, is indispensable for otherwise the action of the device 'would be too sluggish and cause two keys, rapidly struck in succession, to inten tere.

The keys 26 and the contact bars 23 are connected With the opposite poles ofi a bat tery, or other source o electric energy.

My device may be Worked with the same speed a typewriter can be operated. 'l

The space-bar 33 is made to simulate the space-bar of a typewriter of the litemington type for example. lt is supported on two space-key levers S7, (only one oli' Which is shown) which levers are connected by a spacedoar 36, like in the typewriter referred. Pressing on any part of the space-bar 36, therefore, Will operate the space-bar of the typeitfriter.

7l lingers 27 are held against shifting lne laterally on the bars 41., etc., by the pendent members 26h, being inserted in the bifurcated part 27b of said lingers.

The shift-key 38 being provided to shift the type from lower' to upper-case letters, in a typewriter of the class referred to, its operation is necessarily diiierent from the remainder of the keys o my device. An illustration of the construction of my shiftkey' is shown in 5, the scale of which' approximately agrees with that of Figs. l and2. The contact bar 23 has an insulating sleeve arranged roppositely to the screw 35a, carried by the pendent. member 383. The screw 35a merely serves to limit tile stroke of the shift-key 3S, but there is no yelectric Contact established 'by the depres- `sion of the key 38; that merely projects the bolt 3W; but as soon as a type-character is struck andtliedescribed power devices are set into action, then the arm 33 is depressed with the others and the shift-key 38 operatesto depress the shift-key oit the typewriter simultaneously with. the depression of the typekey of the typewriter. n

'The letters oi the key-board olf my device are arranged to conform. to and substitute those of the typewriter, and .my device will be operated just like the typewriter, except that only such pressure of the Enger as is sufficient to overcome the tension of the coilspring 32, is required to strike a key on the typewriter, the real work being' done by the magnet, as described.

' are locked with In therepresentation of a modified form of my device. shown in IFig'S. the'case 56 has journaled in its' walls rockable shafts 39.'

, first abovedescribed. But in this case the fingersy 40. resting on the typewriter keys T. shafts 39 by different meansl than lbor/e described. E a'ch of'sai'd fingers 40 'i's made' ith a'bifurcated hinge-end' 40a.

` the members oft' 'which straddle a bolt 4l'.v

as showin inFig-iS.- The bolt 41 is seated a hole ,therefor madein the shaft. and-is cbntrolled1 by' a Icoil-spring L12, 'causingthe head Iofi-said bolt tonormally impinge against the lowetr concayed extremity 43a of the key-lever 43, and'by .so doing holding" fio -lYhena key 43 is y be projected forward. 'der 44. and thus lock ,Affixed under the top lof thecase is, a con- I nent they depressedfkey.

reached its maximum depression.

said key-lever in= its normal position. The ngers 4'0 yare also ,made with shoulders 44. depressdd the bolt 4l' will engage with the shoulthe finger to its shaft..l

ducting" frame 45. haring pendent resilient lwipers The forward movement of the pendent member 43,of a key will bringI the same in 'touch' withy saidwiper, andi by so doing close the circuit; one of the circuit wires beingconnected to said conducting' frame 45. and .the other circuit wire being 'connected with the keys The mo- 43 is released the coil-spring 4Q will exert its strength to restore the operated key to normal position and simultaneously more the bolt 4lto iinlock the finger from the shaft. To provide or' the immediate interruption ofthe 'circuit the instantthe key-43 is relieved lof'pressure. each of the pendent members 43 of the keysis made with a shoulder 47 see Fig. 9) which bears upon the head vof' t e bolt 4l of a depressed finger ljust at the moment the same has about' v 'At thatY instant the power exerted by the magnets to rotate the shaft 39 willbe thrown against 1 said shoulder 47 and 'force 'the 'depressed' key sufficiently back to break the Contact between the wiper 30 and said key, and allow the spring 42.being the equivalent of spring 3Q; above described. to iact to instantlyl restore the operated parts to their normal position. The ycontact face'of thel pendent key-memberA 3a is concaied so as o slide `on the head o f theI olt4l to the shoulder 4T. y --T e nger 48 and its connections are arranged to operate the space-bar 49. of the typewriter.' Y

L The shift-key of the typewriter is operated by a key'i) (shown in its relative'posiy 'Iclaiint tion in. dotted outline in Fig. 10),'the Same being hinged in hinge-lugs 52, provided on ythe exterioi'- of the casing 56, and 'com 2ris-v vin'g a dependent 'member '50, adapted 'tot o-v operatey withfthe Jringer-disk of 'theshitf key on. the typewriter, as illustrated; such iinger-disk'being providedwith a vcap 5.1., made .with Va roller against'fwhi'chl the member 502 means provided'in the typewriter f, norihally holding the shift-key in its'ifplposition, being' utilized by ine for 'holdiiigf'tlie shift-key-O of my vdevice in its nofnlbr .up-position, -V

The fingers '40' are held against?el'rifti-1l1g;-` laterally on the 'shafts 39 by tlie`4l, 4

projecting between t'he yforked members-02' y.In either form of construction of rny'de` vice, the front of the casing is open4 so as'to' adapt the saine to straddle -the key-board ofl the case is l provided with supportinglegsv sla'nd with il-shaped clips arrangedto interlock with the rear-rail or member pf the ty iewriter frame. v The c ducting frame 45 is insulated from the 'case 56 by 4insulations 59.

l. In a device the combination'of a frame arrangedI to be.

series ofrockable shafts' journaled trans, rersely therein,l a bank of dummy-keys pivl oted in the' frame, a corresponding series 'of'v fl'oo fingers pirotedonsaid shafts, thexextremi# ties thereof adapted to' restzon corresponding 1dey-disks of the typewriter, means operated by the depression of a dmmny-key,

(if the character described,v 'l e5? 'placed over the'key-board of a1typen'riter,` a.:

of the shift-key bearsrand the :2'55I tlie't'ypewriter, as illuistrated 1n. lig.' Land' whereby the corresponding finger lcked l with its shaft. so as .to rotate therewith and bear,up0n itsv corresponding key'of thetype-- writer. an electro-magnet element. .and an. energizing circuit therefor, -normallj-f`^i1it. r vv rupted, means perated bythe depression of a dummy-key, to cl'osesaid circuit?. and

connections between` the armature the electromagnet and said ro'ekabl`e 'f-s haft. .adapted to simultaneously rotate the-series ,p

f shafts; and thus to actuate th". {inger 4locked with either thereof.- f

frame arranged lto `be Titel'.

the combination of a placed over the key-board of a typ' a series of rockable shafts journale l l 'erse'ly therein` a bank of dumurtike'iV otedin the frame, a corresponding seiesof vfingers'pivoted on said shafts. the estremi-- i rest- Ion correspondh l with its shaft. so as to .rotate therewith and bear upon its corresponding key -o'flthe typewriter. an electro-magnet; element, and' an. energizing circuit therefor, normally 1n- 11:5` i 2.111 a device of the character described. i

terrupted, means operated by the depression I bank of dummy keys pivoted in the frame,

and actuate the fingers engaged by the rigid' a corresponding-series of fingers pivoted on said shafts the extremities thereof arranged to rest on corresponding key-disks' of the typewriter, means lincluding -a spring-cony trolled member, impinging against the dummy-keys and supporting the same in their normal position, saidv means being operated by the depression of adummy-key to lock the corresponding finger to its shaft, an electro-magnet element, insulated contacts on the frame arranged relatively tothe keys, said contacts'and the keys being in circuit With .the magnet but said contacts being interrupted until the depression of a key, connections between the armature of the l magnet. and said rockable shafts adaptedto simultaneously rotate the series of shafts and actuate ,the finger locked With either thereof, meansl adapted to` separate the circuit contactsthe instant the depressed dummy-key is released.

4. ln a device of the character described, theicombination of a frame, 'a series of roclrable shafts journaled transversely therein, a bank of dummy-keys pivoted in the frame, each key comprising rectangular.' lever having a pendent member, a corresponding seriesof fingers pivoted on said shafts, the' extremities of said fingers being arranged to rest on corresponding key-disks of the typewriter, andsaid fingers being further made with .central longitudinal cavities, spring controlled bolts reciprocating in said cavities of the fingers and adapted to impinge against said pendent members of the dummy-keysl and support the latter in their normal position, said bolts being projected outf Wardly by the depression of a dummy-key, rigid members on said shafts arranged.. approximately. parallel With said lingers and adapted to engage with an outwardly projecting bolt of either of said fingers and actuate such finger, an electrdnjlagnet ele-- ment, insulated contacts on the frame arranged relatively to the dummy-keys, said contacts and said keys being in ci rcuit with the magnet, but lthe contacts being interrupted until the depression of a lrey, conneo. tions between the armaturerof the electromaguet and said rockable shafts adaptedy to simultaneously rotate the series of shafts `on 'the frame members on said. shaft, means adapted. to separate the circuit contacts the instant the depressed lacy is released.

inn device'of the character described, the combination of a frame, a series of rockablc shafts jouijnaled transversely-therein, a b duimnydreys pivoted in the frame,

' lrey comprising a rectangular lever ng a tendent member a corres ondinv' c. l i o series of fingers pivoted on saidshafts, the

jected outwardly by the depression of a dummyelrey, arn'is rL d on said shafts and arranged approximately parallel. with said fingers, members affixed transversely to the extremities of said arms and arranged to nor mally pass over sai'dpendent extremities of the fingers but engaging with an outwardly projecting boit thereof, an electro-magnet element, insulated `contacts on the .frame ar-v ranged relatively to the dummy-keys, said contacts and said keys being in circuit With the magnet, but the contacts being interrupted until the depression of a key, connections betweenvthe armature of the elec-- tro-magnet and said rockable shafts adapted to simultaneously rotate the series of shafts and actuate the lingers engaged by the rigid members on said shaft, means adapted to separate the circuit contacts the instant the depress key is released.

ln a device of the character described, the comliiinziltion of. a frame, a series of rockable shafts jcurnaled transversely therein, a bank of dummydzeys pivoted in the frame, each lrey comprising rectangular lever having a pendent member, a corresponding series of fingers pivoted on said shafts, the extremities of said fingers being arranged to rest on corresponding keydislrs of the typewriter', said fingers being made with central longitudinal cavities, bolts reciprocating in said cavities of the fingers. sleeves slidable on the inner ends of said bolts, coil-springs on said lteilts arranged to impinge said sleeves against said pendent members of the duiin'ny-lreys to support the latter in. their normal position, said bolts being projected. outwardly by the depression n outwardly projecting bolt of either 'd 1fingers and. actuate such fingers, an electro-magnet element, insulatedv contacts arr:` iged relatively to the dunfiniy-neys, contacts and said lreys be I of d'ammydey, jligid members on said sha 'ts arranged approximately parallelA vvitb said ngers and adapted to engage able shafts'journale'd transversely therein, a Y

bank of dummy-keys pivoted in the frame, each key comprising a rectangular lever having pendent members,a corresponding series of fingers pivoted on said shafts, the inner ends of said fingers being bifurcated and straddling said pendent members of the dummy-keys, and the extremities of said fingers being arranged to rest on corresponding key-disks of the typewriter, and said Hngers having central longitudinal cavities,

bolts reciprocating in said cavities of the ngers, sleeves slidable on the'inner ends of said bolts, coil-'springs on said bolts and ar ranged to impinge said sleeves against said pendent members of the dummy-keys to support the latter in their normal position, said bolts being outwardly projected by the depression of a dummy-key, rigid members on said shafts arranged approximately parallel with said iingers and adapted to engage with an outwardly projected bolt of either of said fingers and actuating such finger, an

electro-magnet element, insulated contacts -on said frame arranged relatively yto thi keys, said contacts vand said keys being in circuit With the magnet, but the contacts being interrupted until the depression of a key, connections between the armature of the velectro-magnet and said rockable shafts adapted to simultaneously `rotate the series of shafts and actuate the linger engaged by the rigid members of said shafts, means adapted to separate the circuit contacts the instant the depressed key is released.

S. In a device of the character described, the combination of a. frame, a seriesof rockable shafts journaled transversely therein, a

bank of dummykeys pivoted in the frame,

each key comprising a rectangular lever having a pendent member, a corresponding series of fingers pivoted on said shafts, said lingers being made withcentral longitudinal cavities, bolts reciprocating in said caviv ties,` sleeves slidable on theI inner ends 'of said bolts, coil-springs on 'said bolts ar ranged to impinge said sleeves against said pendent members of the-dummy-keys and thereby support the latter in their normal position, said bolts being outwardly projected. by the depression of a key, and rigid members on said shafts arranged approximately parallel With said ngers 'and adapted to engage With an outwardly projected bolt of either ofsaid ngers and actuate such finger.

GUSTAVUS A. WIKANDER. Witnesses: S. S. HUMPHREY,

Gnou. LONG. 

